Segment Calculator - Curved Woodworking & Bent Lamination Calculator

Calculate segments for curved woodworking projects. Free calculator for bent lamination, steam bending, and curved construction. Determine cutting angles, arc lengths, and material requirements for curved projects.

Last updated: 1/26/2025

Calculator Options

Curved Woodworking Calculator

Radius

inches

Arc Type

Number of Segments

Kerf Width

inches

Segment Calculations

Angle per Segment:
Chord Length:0"

Material Requirements:

Per Segment: 0"
Total Length: 0"
With Waste: 0"

Cutting Angles (for Miter Saw):

Miter Angle: 0°
Complement Angle: 0°

Set your miter saw to 0° for segment cuts

Calculation Details:

Step 1: Angle per Segment = Total Angle ÷ Number of Segments

Step 2: Chord Length = 2 × Radius × sin(Angle ÷ 2)

Step 3: Material per Segment = Chord Length + Kerf Width

Step 4: Total Material = Material per Segment × Number of Segments

Curved Woodworking Techniques

Creating smooth curves in woodworking requires understanding segment calculations, cutting angles, and assembly techniques for professional results.

1

Bent Lamination

Cut thin strips and bend them around a form. Segments help calculate the form shape and material requirements. More segments create smoother curves but require more precision.

2

Segmented Construction

Cut individual segments at calculated angles and join them to approximate a curve. This method works well for thick material and complex curves that can't be bent.

3

Steam Bending

Steam softens wood fibers for bending. Use segment calculations to design bending forms and estimate spring-back. Material thickness affects minimum bend radius.

Technical Considerations

Segment Planning:

  • • More segments = smoother curve
  • • Fewer segments = easier construction
  • • Consider material thickness limits
  • • Account for kerf width in calculations
  • • Plan for glue squeeze-out

Construction Tips:

  • • Use accurate miter saw settings
  • • Test fit before final assembly
  • • Consider expansion/contraction
  • • Use proper clamping techniques
  • • Allow extra material for sanding

Successful curved woodworking combines accurate calculations with careful construction techniques and appropriate material selection.

Curved Woodworking Applications

Furniture Making

Curved chair backs, table aprons, and cabinet faces. Segment calculations ensure proper fit and smooth curves in fine furniture.

Architectural Elements

Arched doorways, curved trim, and barrel vault construction. Precision segments create architectural curves that match plans.

Boat Building

Hull curves, deck beams, and curved frames. Marine construction requires precise curves for proper water flow and structural integrity.

Musical Instruments

Guitar sides, violin ribs, and curved sound boards. Instrument making demands precise curves for both aesthetics and acoustics.

Decorative Work

Curved moldings, circular picture frames, and decorative panels. Ornamental work benefits from smooth, precise curves.

Turning Projects

Segmented bowls, curved vessel forms, and laminated turning blanks. Calculate segments for complex turned shapes and patterns.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do you calculate segments for curved woodworking?

Divide 360° by the number of segments to get the angle per segment. Then calculate arc length using: Arc Length = (2 × π × Radius × Angle) ÷ 360°. Chord length is: Chord = 2 × Radius × sin(Angle ÷ 2). Add kerf width for material length per segment.

What is the difference between arc length and chord length?

Arc length is the curved distance along the circle's circumference, while chord length is the straight-line distance between segment endpoints. For woodworking, chord length determines the actual length of each straight piece needed to approximate the curve.

How does kerf width affect segment calculations?

Kerf width is the material removed by the saw blade. When cutting segments, you lose material equal to the kerf width at each cut. Add kerf width to each segment's chord length to ensure you have enough material after cutting.

When would you use segment calculations in woodworking?

Segment calculations are used for bent lamination projects, curved tabletops, arched doorways, circular trim work, boat building, and any project requiring smooth curves made from straight pieces. Essential for precise curved construction.

How many segments do I need for a smooth curve?

More segments create smoother curves but require more cutting and gluing. Generally, 8-16 segments work for most furniture projects, while fine work might need 20+ segments. Consider your skill level and the curve's visibility in the finished project.

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